Details of Award
NERC Reference : NE/X008886/1
Ecological implications of accelerated seabed mobility around windfarms (EcoWind-ACCELERATE)
Grant Award
- Principal Investigator:
- Dr K Van Landeghem, Bangor University, Sch of Ocean Sciences
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr L Cordes, Norwegian Inst for Nature Research NINA, Head Office
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr I R Cleasby, RSPB, Conservation Science Department
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr L R Pettit, JNCC (Joint Nature Conserv Committee), Marine Biodiversity
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr J J Waggitt, Bangor University, Sch of Ocean Sciences
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr H H van Rein, JNCC (Joint Nature Conserv Committee), Marine Biodiversity
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr C J McCarron, H R Wallingford Ltd, Coasts
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr M Bolton, RSPB, Conservation Science Department
- Co-Investigator:
- Professor S Jenkins, Bangor University, Sch of Ocean Sciences
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr JA Green, University of Liverpool, Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr MJ Austin, Bangor University, Sch of Ocean Sciences
- Co-Investigator:
- Dr RJS Whitehouse, H R Wallingford Ltd, Coasts
- Grant held at:
- Bangor University, Sch of Ocean Sciences
- Science Area:
- Atmospheric
- Earth
- Marine
- Overall Classification:
- Unknown
- ENRIs:
- Biodiversity
- Environmental Risks and Hazards
- Global Change
- Natural Resource Management
- Science Topics:
- Climate variability
- Ecosystem impacts
- Marine ecosystem services
- Ocean atmosphere interaction
- Ocean modelling
- Sea level rise
- Climate & Climate Change
- Behavioural Ecology
- Foraging behaviour
- Behavioural modelling
- Predation
- Benthic communities
- Biodiversity
- Ecosystem services
- Environmental stressors
- Community Ecology
- Habitat fragmentation
- Habitat modification
- Population dynamics
- Predator-prey interactions
- Remediation
- Sea level variation
- Sediment suspension
- Marine sediments
- Bedforms
- Fluid dynamics
- Sediment/Sedimentary Processes
- Sediment transport
- Anthropogenic pressures
- Biodiversity
- Conservation
- Ecosystem management
- Ecosystem Scale Processes
- Ecosystem services
- Marine renewable energy
- Species response
- Abstract:
- THE PROBLEM: Offshore windfarms will be developed at an accelerated schedule under fast-track plans to switch away from fossil fuels. With ever larger offshore windfarms, and the cumulative effects of climate change, we thus urgently need to understand the way the seabed is modified in response and how such changes affect the wider marine ecosystem. When natural currents in the sea deviate around the wind turbines or anchors, the forces acting on the bed enhance, making sediments move and stay in suspension. This reduces the clarity of the water and changes the shape and sediment composition of the seabed, with impacts stretching far beyond the object. The seabed supports ecosystems that deliver a wide range of services incl. fishing, carbon storage, aggregates and coastal protection. The climate crisis will stretch impacts even further and into coastal zones, as future storm waves and rising sea levels will alter the ways energy from the sea is transferred to the seabed. All these changes combined can have wide-reaching impacts for organisms that live on or in the seabed, potentially changing biodiversity (species richness) and the delivery of some of these ecosystem services. The impacts at the seabed extend through the food chain to the water column and beyond as seabed dwelling fish are consumed by seabirds and cetaceans. Aggregations of fish can be strongly associated to particular seabed properties. If displacement or mortality occurs amongst these important prey species, this has knock-on effects for the deep-diving predators that cannot afford to be less efficient in foraging for food, like the seabirds that are protected by legislation. During this pivotal time of energy transition and national security, it is of crucial importance to better understand and unlock the potential of the marine environment for a renewable energy transition with added benefits to the ecosystem. AIM: This proposal sets out a strategy to assess the seabed response to the combination of accelerated windfarm expansion and accelerated climate change, and to quantify the implications for (1) biodiversity, (2) ecosystem services, (3) habitats, and (4) interactions between seabird populations and their food. We ultimately seek to help identify opportunities that benefit the conservation of species and increase biodiversity around windfarms. We will help windfarm developers design their monitoring strategies long beyond the life-span of our project. SUMMARY OF METHODS AND OUTPUTS: Via a multi-proxy study using observations, laboratory experiments and models, we will assess and map, under different climate predictions, how the stresses on the bed will be modified by 2050, how the distribution of seabed habitats and biodiversity will change, and how that drives changes to ecosystem services and the foraging success of deep-diving seabirds. We will design relevant scenarios, where we consider offshore windfarm size, scour mitigation strategies, predator behaviour and the ecosystem's vulnerability to change due to the combined effect of accelerated windfarm expansion and climate change. We will use the Eastern Irish Sea area as case study, as it is the home of a variety of seabird species with specific predator-prey relationships, of diverse seabed types and of considerable windfarm expansion nearby existing windfarms. To help all developers of windfarms in the UK, UK-scale maps will be made of the vulnerability of the seabed to change, and a new seabird vulnerability index will be developed. Our quantification of how these processes from seabed to seabirds interact can directly inform/feed into existing and future decision support tools. We will provide a tool where stakeholders can run their own simulations anywhere around the UK and for any given model/data resolution to quantify uncertainty levels of bed stress caused by windfarms, with cascading effects of uncertainty in habitat and biodiversity distribution and ecosystem services.
- Period of Award:
- 9 Aug 2022 - 8 Aug 2026
- Value:
- £1,500,919 Lead Split Award
Authorised funds only
- NERC Reference:
- NE/X008886/1
- Grant Stage:
- Awaiting Event/Action
- Scheme:
- Directed (RP) - NR1
- Grant Status:
- Active
- Programme:
- ECOWind
This grant award has a total value of £1,500,919
FDAB - Financial Details (Award breakdown by headings)
| DI - Other Costs | Indirect - Indirect Costs | DA - Investigators | DA - Estate Costs | DI - Staff | DA - Other Directly Allocated | DI - T&S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| £400,936 | £330,002 | £168,386 | £48,511 | £443,003 | £45,294 | £64,788 |
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